1. Filtration
In the filtration process, solid particles are suspended in the liquid can be separated by using a porous medium that can withstand such particles and can be bypassed by a clear filtrate. A porous medium is commonly called the filter media. Solid particles can be very small or larger, and diverse forms, can be spherical or irregularly. The desired product can be a clear filtrate or cake. Filtered slurry may contain solid particles in small or large amounts. If the concentration of solids in slurrykecil, the filter can operate within a longer time. (Geankoplis, 1983)
2. Plate and Frame Filter Press
Plate and frame filter press consists of a plate and frame are incorporated into one with a filter cloth on each side of the plate. Plate has a clear filtrate channels that can pass through each plate. Slurry is pumped to the plate and frame and flowing through the channel on the frame so that the slurry meets the frame. The filtrate flows through the filter cloth and the solids accumulate in the form of cake on the filter cloth. The filtrate flow between the filter cloth and plate through the outlet.
Filtration continues until the frame is filled with solids. Most filters have a separate expense line for each frame so that it can be seen whether the filtrate is clear or not. If the filtrate is not clear, possibly due to damaged filter cloth or other causes. When the frame is correct is completely separate plate and frame were separated and the cake is removed, then the filter is installed again and used.
Plate and crowded filter press is widely used in the food industry, for example the oil industry. There are several types of filter press, such as washing, non washing, open delivery, and delivery closed. In this filter, filter cloth dati cover each side of each plate, then arrested together into one with mechanical energy by using a screw or hydraulic.
Cake sometimes washed to rid it of solvent and impurities attached to the cake. Such systems are called open-delivery.
Plate has a channel that passes through the filter cloth so that the liquid filtrate clean down the plate. Slurry is pumped in and flows through open channels to the frame so that the slurry fills the frame. The filtrate going through the filter cloth and the solids form a cake on the side of the frame on a filter cloth. The filtrate flow between filter cloth and plate surface in the direction of the outlet. The filtration process lasted until the frame is filled with solids. When the frame is full of solids, plate and frame were separated, and the cake was transferred. Then filter assembled again and the process is done again. If the cake is not washed, the system known as closed-delivery.
There is also equipped with a filter plate washers, the goal for washing the cake, so it can be recovered filtrate valuable residual entrained in the cake (as in the oil mill) or aim to obtain a cake cleaner. At the time of washing, washing water entering from plate washers, through a filter cloth and then through the cake, the last through the filter cloth again and out through the hole in the bottom plate. In washery sometimes there are something valuable and wanted to be taken, such as plant oils In this case, the washing water is not discarded but do further processing.
Advantages of plate and frame filter press that his job is only require trained personnel unusual due to the way the operation tool is simple, can immediately see the results of screening that is cloudy or clear, it can be used at higher pressures, additional capacity is sufficient to increase the number plate and frame without adding unit filter press, can be used for filtering solution that has a high viscosity, and can be used for filtering colloidal solution containing levels (feces) is relatively low.
Disadvantages of plate and frame filter press are leaking a lot of possibilities and not continuous operation. Another disadvantage of the plate and frame filter press is the manpower needed a lot because it takes to unload and install the filter, but it takes a long time.
(Geankoplis, 1993)
Filtration continues until the frame is filled with solids. Most filters have a separate expense line for each frame so that it can be seen whether the filtrate is clear or not. If the filtrate is not clear, possibly due to damaged filter cloth or other causes. When the frame is correct is completely separate plate and frame were separated and the cake is removed, then the filter is installed again and used.
Plate and crowded filter press is widely used in the food industry, for example the oil industry. There are several types of filter press, such as washing, non washing, open delivery, and delivery closed. In this filter, filter cloth dati cover each side of each plate, then arrested together into one with mechanical energy by using a screw or hydraulic.
Cake sometimes washed to rid it of solvent and impurities attached to the cake. Such systems are called open-delivery.
Plate has a channel that passes through the filter cloth so that the liquid filtrate clean down the plate. Slurry is pumped in and flows through open channels to the frame so that the slurry fills the frame. The filtrate going through the filter cloth and the solids form a cake on the side of the frame on a filter cloth. The filtrate flow between filter cloth and plate surface in the direction of the outlet. The filtration process lasted until the frame is filled with solids. When the frame is full of solids, plate and frame were separated, and the cake was transferred. Then filter assembled again and the process is done again. If the cake is not washed, the system known as closed-delivery.
There is also equipped with a filter plate washers, the goal for washing the cake, so it can be recovered filtrate valuable residual entrained in the cake (as in the oil mill) or aim to obtain a cake cleaner. At the time of washing, washing water entering from plate washers, through a filter cloth and then through the cake, the last through the filter cloth again and out through the hole in the bottom plate. In washery sometimes there are something valuable and wanted to be taken, such as plant oils In this case, the washing water is not discarded but do further processing.
Advantages of plate and frame filter press that his job is only require trained personnel unusual due to the way the operation tool is simple, can immediately see the results of screening that is cloudy or clear, it can be used at higher pressures, additional capacity is sufficient to increase the number plate and frame without adding unit filter press, can be used for filtering solution that has a high viscosity, and can be used for filtering colloidal solution containing levels (feces) is relatively low.
Disadvantages of plate and frame filter press are leaking a lot of possibilities and not continuous operation. Another disadvantage of the plate and frame filter press is the manpower needed a lot because it takes to unload and install the filter, but it takes a long time.
(Geankoplis, 1993)
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